.
Finding that the Defense of Marriage Act's (DOMA's) denial of equal benefits to same-sex couples violates the Equal Protection Clause of the Fifth Amendment, a federal court judge has awarded the surviving spouse of a lesbian couple reimbursement for the tax bill she paid on her wife's estate.
Edith Windsor and Thea Spyer became engaged in 1967 and were married in Canada in 2007, although they lived in New York City. Ordinarily, spouses can leave any amount of property to their spouses free of federal estate tax. But when Ms. Spyer died in 2009, Ms. Windsor, now 82, had to pay Ms Spyer's estate tax bill because of DOMA, a 1996 law that denies federal recognition of gay marriages.
Although New York State considered the couple married, the federal government did not and taxed Ms. Syper's estate as though the two were not married. Ms. Windsor sued the U.S. government seeking to have DOMA declared unconstitutional and asking for a refund of the more than $350,000 in estate taxes she was forced to pay.
Federal court judge Barbara Jones from the U.S. District Court for the Southern District of New York ruled that there was no rational basis for DOMA's prohibition on recognizing same-sex marriages. Jones stated that it was unclear how DOMA preserves traditional marriage, which is one of the stated purposes of the law. As ElderLawAnswers reported last year, President Obama decided to stop defending DOMA, so members of Congress formed an advisory group to defend the law. This is the fifth case to strike down DOMA.
To read the court’s decision, click here.
Showing posts with label estate heirs. Show all posts
Showing posts with label estate heirs. Show all posts
Tuesday, July 3, 2012
Friday, March 9, 2012
When Should You Update Your Estate Plan?
.
Once you've created an estate plan, it is important to keep it up to date. You will need to revisit your plan after certain key life events.
Marriage
Whether it is your first or a later marriage, you will need to update your estate plan after you get married. A spouse does not automatically become your heir once you get married. Depending on state law, your spouse may have to share your estate with other relatives. You need a will to spell out how much you wish your spouse to get.
Your estate plan will get more complicated if your marriage is not your first. You and your new spouse need to figure out where each of you wants your assets to go when you die. If you have children from a previous marriage, this can be a difficult discussion. There is no guarantee that if you leave your assets to your new spouse, he or she will provide for your children after you are gone. There are a number of options to ensure your children are provided for, including creating a trust for your children, making your children beneficiaries of life insurance policies, or giving your children joint ownership of property.
Even if you don't have children, there may be family heirlooms or mementos that you want to keep in your family. For more information on estate planning before remarrying, click here.
Children
Once you have children, it is important to name a guardian for your children in your will. If you don't name someone to act as guardian, the court will choose the guardian. Because the court doesn't know your kids like you do, the person they choose may not be ideal. In addition to naming a guardian, you may also want to set up a trust for your children so that your assets are set aside for your children when they get older.
Similarly, when your children reach adulthood, you will want to update your plan to reflect the changes. They will no longer need a guardian, and they may not need a trust. You may even want your children to act as executors or hold a power of attorney.
Divorce or Death of a Spouse
If you get divorced or your spouse dies, you will need to revisit your entire estate plan. It is likely that your spouse is named in some capacity in your estate plan -- for example, as beneficiary, executor, or power of attorney. If you have a trust, you will need to make sure your spouse is no longer a trustee or beneficiary of the trust. You will also need to change the beneficiary on your retirement plans and insurance policies.
Increase or Decrease in Assets
One part of estate planning is estate tax planning. When your estate is small, you don't usually have to worry about estate taxes because only estates over a certain amount, depending on current state and federal law, are subject to estate taxes. For example, the New Jersey estate tax is due on estates as small as $675,000. As your estate grows, you may want to create a plan that minimizes your estate taxes. If you have a plan that focuses on tax planning, but you experience a decrease in assets, you may want to change your plan to focus on other things. For more information about estate taxes, click here.
Other
Other reasons to have your estate plan updated could include:
Once you've created an estate plan, it is important to keep it up to date. You will need to revisit your plan after certain key life events.
Marriage
Whether it is your first or a later marriage, you will need to update your estate plan after you get married. A spouse does not automatically become your heir once you get married. Depending on state law, your spouse may have to share your estate with other relatives. You need a will to spell out how much you wish your spouse to get.
Your estate plan will get more complicated if your marriage is not your first. You and your new spouse need to figure out where each of you wants your assets to go when you die. If you have children from a previous marriage, this can be a difficult discussion. There is no guarantee that if you leave your assets to your new spouse, he or she will provide for your children after you are gone. There are a number of options to ensure your children are provided for, including creating a trust for your children, making your children beneficiaries of life insurance policies, or giving your children joint ownership of property.
Even if you don't have children, there may be family heirlooms or mementos that you want to keep in your family. For more information on estate planning before remarrying, click here.
Children
Once you have children, it is important to name a guardian for your children in your will. If you don't name someone to act as guardian, the court will choose the guardian. Because the court doesn't know your kids like you do, the person they choose may not be ideal. In addition to naming a guardian, you may also want to set up a trust for your children so that your assets are set aside for your children when they get older.
Similarly, when your children reach adulthood, you will want to update your plan to reflect the changes. They will no longer need a guardian, and they may not need a trust. You may even want your children to act as executors or hold a power of attorney.
Divorce or Death of a Spouse
If you get divorced or your spouse dies, you will need to revisit your entire estate plan. It is likely that your spouse is named in some capacity in your estate plan -- for example, as beneficiary, executor, or power of attorney. If you have a trust, you will need to make sure your spouse is no longer a trustee or beneficiary of the trust. You will also need to change the beneficiary on your retirement plans and insurance policies.
Increase or Decrease in Assets
One part of estate planning is estate tax planning. When your estate is small, you don't usually have to worry about estate taxes because only estates over a certain amount, depending on current state and federal law, are subject to estate taxes. For example, the New Jersey estate tax is due on estates as small as $675,000. As your estate grows, you may want to create a plan that minimizes your estate taxes. If you have a plan that focuses on tax planning, but you experience a decrease in assets, you may want to change your plan to focus on other things. For more information about estate taxes, click here.
Other
Other reasons to have your estate plan updated could include:
- You move to another state
- Federal or state estate tax laws have changed
- A guardian, executor, or trustee is no longer able to serve
- You wish to change your beneficiaries
- It has been more than 5 years since the plan has been reviewed by an attorney
Friday, September 16, 2011
Adult Children Losing $3 Trillion in Caring for Aging Parents
Americans who take time off work to care for their aging parents are losing an estimated $3 trillion dollars in wages, pension and Social Security benefits, according to a new MetLife study. Meanwhile, the percentage of adult children providing basic care for their parents has skyrocketed in recent years.
Nearly 10 million adults age 50 and over care for an aging parent, MetLife says. For the individual female caregiver, the cost impact of caregiving in terms of lost wages, pension and Social Security benefits averages $324,044. For male caregivers, the figure is $283,716.
The study also identified a dramatic rise in the share of men and women providing basic parental care over the past decade and a half. In 1994, only 9 percent of women and 3 percent of men and were providing care. By 2008, the percentage of women caregivers had more than tripled to 28 percent, while the figure for men had quintupled to 17 percent. "Basic care" is defined as help with personal activities like dressing, feeding, and bathing. Daughters are more likely to provide basic care and sons are more likely to provide financial assistance, the study found.
"Undoubtedly, the impact of the aging population has resulted in increased need within families for family caregiving support," the study notes.
At the same time, MetLife found that adult children age 50 and over who work and provide care to a parent are more likely to have fair or poor health than those who do not provide care to their parents.
The study was based on an analysis of data from the 2008 National Health and Retirement Study (HRS).
The findings have implications for individuals, employers and policymakers, MetLife says. Individuals, it says, should consider their own health when caregiving and should prepare financially for their own retirement. Employers can provide retirement planning and stress management information and assist employees with accommodations like flex-time and family leave.
On the policy side, although only a few states mandate paid family and medical leave, "clearly this policy would benefit working caregivers who need to take leave to care for an aging parent," the study concludes. MetLife also notes that the CLASS Act, a voluntary long-term care insurance program that is part of the new federal health reform law, will provide some coverage for long-term care needs as well as raise public awareness of the issue.
For more on the study, "The MetLife Study of Caregiving Costs to Working Caregivers: Double Jeopardy for Baby Boomers Caring for Their Parents," click here.
Reprinted with permission by ElderLawAnswers.com
Nearly 10 million adults age 50 and over care for an aging parent, MetLife says. For the individual female caregiver, the cost impact of caregiving in terms of lost wages, pension and Social Security benefits averages $324,044. For male caregivers, the figure is $283,716.
The study also identified a dramatic rise in the share of men and women providing basic parental care over the past decade and a half. In 1994, only 9 percent of women and 3 percent of men and were providing care. By 2008, the percentage of women caregivers had more than tripled to 28 percent, while the figure for men had quintupled to 17 percent. "Basic care" is defined as help with personal activities like dressing, feeding, and bathing. Daughters are more likely to provide basic care and sons are more likely to provide financial assistance, the study found.
"Undoubtedly, the impact of the aging population has resulted in increased need within families for family caregiving support," the study notes.
At the same time, MetLife found that adult children age 50 and over who work and provide care to a parent are more likely to have fair or poor health than those who do not provide care to their parents.
The study was based on an analysis of data from the 2008 National Health and Retirement Study (HRS).
The findings have implications for individuals, employers and policymakers, MetLife says. Individuals, it says, should consider their own health when caregiving and should prepare financially for their own retirement. Employers can provide retirement planning and stress management information and assist employees with accommodations like flex-time and family leave.
On the policy side, although only a few states mandate paid family and medical leave, "clearly this policy would benefit working caregivers who need to take leave to care for an aging parent," the study concludes. MetLife also notes that the CLASS Act, a voluntary long-term care insurance program that is part of the new federal health reform law, will provide some coverage for long-term care needs as well as raise public awareness of the issue.
For more on the study, "The MetLife Study of Caregiving Costs to Working Caregivers: Double Jeopardy for Baby Boomers Caring for Their Parents," click here.
Reprinted with permission by ElderLawAnswers.com
Tuesday, October 19, 2010
Charitable Remainder Trusts: Income for Life and a Good Deed at Death
Many people like the idea of leaving bequests to favorite charities in their wills. But instead of leaving money to a charity in your will, you can put that money into a charitable remainder trust and collect income while you are still alive. Charitable remainder trusts have many other advantages, including reducing your income and estate taxes and diversifying your assets.
A charitable remainder trust is an irrevocable trust that provides you (and possibly your spouse) with income for life. You place assets into the trust and during your lifetime you receive a set percentage from the trust. When you die, the remainder in the trust goes to the charity (or charities) of your choice
A charitable remainder trust has many benefits:
•At the time you create the trust, you will receive an income tax deduction for charitable giving.
•Any profit from the sale of investments within the trust are not subject to capital gains tax, which means the trustee may have more freedom in managing the assets.
•When you die, the assets in the trust will pass outside your estate and be eligible for the estate tax charitable deduction.
The downside of a charitable remainder trust is that it is irrevocable, meaning once you create the trust, you can't cancel it. While you can't revoke the trust, you may have the ability to change the beneficiary if you decide to give to a different charity. You may also serve as trustee, giving you control over how the trust assets are invested. In addition, note that any income you receive from the trust will be subject to income taxes.
To find out if a charitable remainder trust is right for you, talk to a qualified estate planning or elder law attorney.
A charitable remainder trust is an irrevocable trust that provides you (and possibly your spouse) with income for life. You place assets into the trust and during your lifetime you receive a set percentage from the trust. When you die, the remainder in the trust goes to the charity (or charities) of your choice
A charitable remainder trust has many benefits:
•At the time you create the trust, you will receive an income tax deduction for charitable giving.
•Any profit from the sale of investments within the trust are not subject to capital gains tax, which means the trustee may have more freedom in managing the assets.
•When you die, the assets in the trust will pass outside your estate and be eligible for the estate tax charitable deduction.
The downside of a charitable remainder trust is that it is irrevocable, meaning once you create the trust, you can't cancel it. While you can't revoke the trust, you may have the ability to change the beneficiary if you decide to give to a different charity. You may also serve as trustee, giving you control over how the trust assets are invested. In addition, note that any income you receive from the trust will be subject to income taxes.
To find out if a charitable remainder trust is right for you, talk to a qualified estate planning or elder law attorney.
Friday, July 23, 2010
LegalZoom Sued for Deceptive Practices
One of the most prominent sellers of do-it-yourself wills and other estate planning documents, is the target of a class action lawsuit in California charging that the company engages in deceptive business practices and is practicing law without a license.
The lawsuit was filed in Los Angeles Superior Court on May 27, 2010, by Katherine Webster, who is the niece of the late Anthony J. Ferrantino and the executor of Mr. Ferrantino's estate.
Knowing that he had only a few months to live, Mr. Ferrantino asked Ms. Webster in July 2007 to help him use LegalZoom to execute a will and living trust. Based on LegalZoom's advertising, Ms. Webster says she believed that the documents they created would be legally binding and that if they encountered any problems, the company's customer service department would resolve them.
But after the living trust documents were created and signed, the financial institutions that held his money refused to accept the LegalZoom documents as valid. Ms. Webster tried to get help from LegalZoom, with no success. Mr. Ferrantino died in November 2007.
Ms. Webster was forced to hire an estate planning attorney, who petitioned the court to allow the post-death funding of the trust. The attorney then had to convince the banks to transfer the funds -- a more difficult task following Mr. Ferrantino's death. The attorney also discovered that the will LegalZoom created for Mr. Ferrantino had not been properly witnessed. All this cost Mr. Ferrantino's estate thousands of dollars.
The lawsuit claims that Ms. Webster and others like her relied on misleading statements by LegalZoom, including that LegalZoom carefully reviews customer documents, that it guarantees its customers 100 percent satisfaction with its services, that its documents are the same quality as those prepared by an attorney, and that the documents are effective and dependable.
"Nowhere in the [company's] manual do defendants explain that using LegalZoom is not the same as using an attorney and that its documents are only 'customized' to the extent that the LegalZoom computer program inputs your name and identifying information, but not tailored to your specific circumstances," the lawsuit states, adding that "the customer service representatives are not lawyers and cannot by law provide legal advice."
Ms. Webster is suing not only on her behalf but on behalf of anyone in California who paid LegalZoom for a living trust, will, living will, advance health care directive or power of attorney. The lawsuit estimates this class embraces more than 3,000 individuals.
"LegalZoom's business is based on nurturing the false sense of security that people do not need to hire a traditional attorney," says San Francisco attorney Robert Arns, one of the attorneys who filed the lawsuit. "The complaint points out that LegalZoom advertises that you don't need a real attorney because its work is legally binding and reliable. That's misleading. Improperly prepared estate planning documents are a ticking time bomb that can result in improper tax consequences and other items that could cost the estate and heirs huge sums."
"LegalZoom preys on people when they're at their most vulnerable, when they are of advanced age or poor health and need a will or a living trust," adds San Francisco elder abuse attorney Kathryn Stebner, Ms. Webster's lead counsel.
One of the defendants named in the suit is LegalZoom co-founder Robert Shapiro, who appears on the LegalZoom Web page and TV ads and who is best-known for being one of O.J. Simpsons attorneys.
This is not the first suit against LegalZoom. In December 2009, a Missouri man who paid LegalZoom to prepare his will sued the company for engaging in the unauthorized practice of law (Janson v. LegalZoom). The lawsuit is also seeking class action status. LegalZoom is trying to have the case removed from Missouri state court to the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri.
The lawsuit was filed in Los Angeles Superior Court on May 27, 2010, by Katherine Webster, who is the niece of the late Anthony J. Ferrantino and the executor of Mr. Ferrantino's estate.
Knowing that he had only a few months to live, Mr. Ferrantino asked Ms. Webster in July 2007 to help him use LegalZoom to execute a will and living trust. Based on LegalZoom's advertising, Ms. Webster says she believed that the documents they created would be legally binding and that if they encountered any problems, the company's customer service department would resolve them.
But after the living trust documents were created and signed, the financial institutions that held his money refused to accept the LegalZoom documents as valid. Ms. Webster tried to get help from LegalZoom, with no success. Mr. Ferrantino died in November 2007.
Ms. Webster was forced to hire an estate planning attorney, who petitioned the court to allow the post-death funding of the trust. The attorney then had to convince the banks to transfer the funds -- a more difficult task following Mr. Ferrantino's death. The attorney also discovered that the will LegalZoom created for Mr. Ferrantino had not been properly witnessed. All this cost Mr. Ferrantino's estate thousands of dollars.
The lawsuit claims that Ms. Webster and others like her relied on misleading statements by LegalZoom, including that LegalZoom carefully reviews customer documents, that it guarantees its customers 100 percent satisfaction with its services, that its documents are the same quality as those prepared by an attorney, and that the documents are effective and dependable.
"Nowhere in the [company's] manual do defendants explain that using LegalZoom is not the same as using an attorney and that its documents are only 'customized' to the extent that the LegalZoom computer program inputs your name and identifying information, but not tailored to your specific circumstances," the lawsuit states, adding that "the customer service representatives are not lawyers and cannot by law provide legal advice."
Ms. Webster is suing not only on her behalf but on behalf of anyone in California who paid LegalZoom for a living trust, will, living will, advance health care directive or power of attorney. The lawsuit estimates this class embraces more than 3,000 individuals.
"LegalZoom's business is based on nurturing the false sense of security that people do not need to hire a traditional attorney," says San Francisco attorney Robert Arns, one of the attorneys who filed the lawsuit. "The complaint points out that LegalZoom advertises that you don't need a real attorney because its work is legally binding and reliable. That's misleading. Improperly prepared estate planning documents are a ticking time bomb that can result in improper tax consequences and other items that could cost the estate and heirs huge sums."
"LegalZoom preys on people when they're at their most vulnerable, when they are of advanced age or poor health and need a will or a living trust," adds San Francisco elder abuse attorney Kathryn Stebner, Ms. Webster's lead counsel.
One of the defendants named in the suit is LegalZoom co-founder Robert Shapiro, who appears on the LegalZoom Web page and TV ads and who is best-known for being one of O.J. Simpsons attorneys.
This is not the first suit against LegalZoom. In December 2009, a Missouri man who paid LegalZoom to prepare his will sued the company for engaging in the unauthorized practice of law (Janson v. LegalZoom). The lawsuit is also seeking class action status. LegalZoom is trying to have the case removed from Missouri state court to the United States District Court for the Western District of Missouri.
Tuesday, April 27, 2010
What Is Estate Planning?
The definition of Estate Planning is easy: it is a plan for your estate. Your estate is what you own; it is your stuff.
If you become mentally incapacitated, perhaps by accident or illness, you can no longer manage your stuff. You can't buy or sell what you need, pay you bills, or file your taxes. Someone will have to do this for you. If you plan for this with Powers of Attoney or Trusts, you get to choose who helps you manage your stuff. If you don't, a judge will choose someone for you after an expensive court proceeding. You may not agree with the judges choice and it may be a stranger who is charging you hourly.
When you pass away, the ownership of you stuff must pass to someone else (sorry). If you plan in advance for this, you get to choose who gets what, when they get it and how they get it. You even get to avoid taxes that will be due if no planning is done. You can do this by getting a Will or Revocable Living Trust. You can also control who gets what with beneficiary designations such as with life insurance and retirement accounts. Bank accounts can be designated Payable on Death (POD) to your beneficiary. You can also own an asset jointly with someone else so that they become the sole owner if you die. If you do not plan in advance, the law sets forth who gets what.
A typical Estate Plan may have a Will, Trust, Financial Power of Attorney, Healthcare Power of Attorney and a Living Will. This planning is really not so much for you but for your loved ones. If you have an Estate Plan, check to see if it needs an update. If you don't have a plan, get one. Your loved one's will thank you someday.
If you become mentally incapacitated, perhaps by accident or illness, you can no longer manage your stuff. You can't buy or sell what you need, pay you bills, or file your taxes. Someone will have to do this for you. If you plan for this with Powers of Attoney or Trusts, you get to choose who helps you manage your stuff. If you don't, a judge will choose someone for you after an expensive court proceeding. You may not agree with the judges choice and it may be a stranger who is charging you hourly.
When you pass away, the ownership of you stuff must pass to someone else (sorry). If you plan in advance for this, you get to choose who gets what, when they get it and how they get it. You even get to avoid taxes that will be due if no planning is done. You can do this by getting a Will or Revocable Living Trust. You can also control who gets what with beneficiary designations such as with life insurance and retirement accounts. Bank accounts can be designated Payable on Death (POD) to your beneficiary. You can also own an asset jointly with someone else so that they become the sole owner if you die. If you do not plan in advance, the law sets forth who gets what.
A typical Estate Plan may have a Will, Trust, Financial Power of Attorney, Healthcare Power of Attorney and a Living Will. This planning is really not so much for you but for your loved ones. If you have an Estate Plan, check to see if it needs an update. If you don't have a plan, get one. Your loved one's will thank you someday.
Sunday, March 14, 2010
Does Your Will Name an Alternate Beneficiary?
Does Your Will Name an Alternate Beneficiary?
What will happen to your estate if your primary beneficiary does not survive you? If your will does not name an alternate beneficiary, your estate will be divided according to state law. The way the state divides your estate may not agree with your wishes. Your money may go to someone you don't like or to someone who is unable to handle it.
For example, suppose your will divides your estate among your spouse and three children. If one child dies before you, do you want his or her portion of your estate to go to your grandchildren? To your other children? To your spouse? Or perhaps to a charitable organization or institution? Another issue to consider is whether the person who would inherit under the law is too young or has special needs. In that case, you may need a trust to protect the assets.
Double check your will to make sure it names an alternate beneficiary. And if you don't already have a will, being able to name an alternate beneficiary is an important reason to create one.
Naming an alternate is a good idea for other provisions in your will as well. If you have young children, you should also consider naming an alternate guardian for your children in the event your first choice is unable to fulfill his or her obligation. In addition, you may want to appoint an alternate executor in case the first one cannot serve.
What will happen to your estate if your primary beneficiary does not survive you? If your will does not name an alternate beneficiary, your estate will be divided according to state law. The way the state divides your estate may not agree with your wishes. Your money may go to someone you don't like or to someone who is unable to handle it.
For example, suppose your will divides your estate among your spouse and three children. If one child dies before you, do you want his or her portion of your estate to go to your grandchildren? To your other children? To your spouse? Or perhaps to a charitable organization or institution? Another issue to consider is whether the person who would inherit under the law is too young or has special needs. In that case, you may need a trust to protect the assets.
Double check your will to make sure it names an alternate beneficiary. And if you don't already have a will, being able to name an alternate beneficiary is an important reason to create one.
Naming an alternate is a good idea for other provisions in your will as well. If you have young children, you should also consider naming an alternate guardian for your children in the event your first choice is unable to fulfill his or her obligation. In addition, you may want to appoint an alternate executor in case the first one cannot serve.
Wednesday, December 2, 2009
Interesting Article
PROTECTION FOR DIGITAL ASSETS
Do heirs need to know your online passwords?
Monday, November 16, 2009 5:23 AM
BY TIM GRANT
PITTSBURGH POST-GAZETTE
After an American soldier died in Iraq five years ago, his father wanted to save copies of his son's e-mails sent through a Yahoo account. But the Internet company's privacy policy allowed access by only the soldier, triggering a legal fight.
The case highlights a growing discussion concerning what happens when the owner of a password-protected online account dies. To whom does the account belong? Can digital assets be passed on to heirs?
"If you use a computer, you need to have an estate plan that deals with digital assets and paperless transactions," said Lawrence H. Heller, an estate lawyer in Santa Monica, Calif. "People need to think about how to give their heirs access to information that may be stored online, but without the risk of unauthorized access."
Many important documents and personal treasures once kept in file cabinets and safe-deposit boxes are now stored electronically. Photographs, videos, music, letters and book manuscripts that might have monetary value -- or be priceless to loved ones -- often are saved exclusively on computer drives.
Legal disputes involving digital assets are relatively rare, but as the computer-literate population ages, after-death lawsuits are likely to become more common. "What we are trying to do is anticipate and avoid the problem," Heller said.
Until now, estate planning has primarily focused on tangible assets such as real estate, autos and jewelry and intangible assets such as stocks and bonds.
In exceptional cases, artists and musicians face issues involving copyright, trademark or patent law. But now, anyone who owns a computer could end up dealing with those issues, too.
"If I have created something in the digital universe, it's not free game. I may have a hard time protecting it, but I own it," said Steve Seel, an estate and trust lawyer in Pittsburgh.
Sometimes, heirs don't even know these things exist. As more companies move away from paper, online bank accounts, investment accounts, insurance polices, time shares and frequent-flier miles might become trickier to locate and access if someone dies without telling heirs of their existence.
According to a recent study by HSBC Direct, 49 percent of the online population conducts most of its banking via the Internet.
Meanwhile Internet blogs, as well as MySpace, e-mail and Facebook accounts, could be owned by an even greater percentage of the population.
In a growing number of cases, checking a deceased person's computer or other digital devices is becoming a crucial step in executing an estate.
Executors of estates often get special privileges giving them access to most assets. But privacy laws might prevent Internet companies from releasing username and password information to executors.
If a digital asset is stored on someone else's server, ownership becomes especially complicated. Yahoo mail, for example, has a provision in its user agreement that gives the account owner no right to transfer the ownership. All rights are terminated with the owner's death, and all content can be deleted.
The rules were tested in the high-profile case involving the father of Lance Cpl. Justin Ellsworth, a combat engineer with the Marine Corps who died in Iraq in November 2004. The two men were in constant e-mail contact during the deployment, and when the son died, the father wanted the e-mails from his son's account for sentimental reasons.
But the son had changed his password a few weeks before his death and had not shared it with his dad, who lives in Detroit. It took a five-month legal case to work out an arrangement to release copies of the e-mails.
Do heirs need to know your online passwords?
Monday, November 16, 2009 5:23 AM
BY TIM GRANT
PITTSBURGH POST-GAZETTE
After an American soldier died in Iraq five years ago, his father wanted to save copies of his son's e-mails sent through a Yahoo account. But the Internet company's privacy policy allowed access by only the soldier, triggering a legal fight.
The case highlights a growing discussion concerning what happens when the owner of a password-protected online account dies. To whom does the account belong? Can digital assets be passed on to heirs?
"If you use a computer, you need to have an estate plan that deals with digital assets and paperless transactions," said Lawrence H. Heller, an estate lawyer in Santa Monica, Calif. "People need to think about how to give their heirs access to information that may be stored online, but without the risk of unauthorized access."
Many important documents and personal treasures once kept in file cabinets and safe-deposit boxes are now stored electronically. Photographs, videos, music, letters and book manuscripts that might have monetary value -- or be priceless to loved ones -- often are saved exclusively on computer drives.
Legal disputes involving digital assets are relatively rare, but as the computer-literate population ages, after-death lawsuits are likely to become more common. "What we are trying to do is anticipate and avoid the problem," Heller said.
Until now, estate planning has primarily focused on tangible assets such as real estate, autos and jewelry and intangible assets such as stocks and bonds.
In exceptional cases, artists and musicians face issues involving copyright, trademark or patent law. But now, anyone who owns a computer could end up dealing with those issues, too.
"If I have created something in the digital universe, it's not free game. I may have a hard time protecting it, but I own it," said Steve Seel, an estate and trust lawyer in Pittsburgh.
Sometimes, heirs don't even know these things exist. As more companies move away from paper, online bank accounts, investment accounts, insurance polices, time shares and frequent-flier miles might become trickier to locate and access if someone dies without telling heirs of their existence.
According to a recent study by HSBC Direct, 49 percent of the online population conducts most of its banking via the Internet.
Meanwhile Internet blogs, as well as MySpace, e-mail and Facebook accounts, could be owned by an even greater percentage of the population.
In a growing number of cases, checking a deceased person's computer or other digital devices is becoming a crucial step in executing an estate.
Executors of estates often get special privileges giving them access to most assets. But privacy laws might prevent Internet companies from releasing username and password information to executors.
If a digital asset is stored on someone else's server, ownership becomes especially complicated. Yahoo mail, for example, has a provision in its user agreement that gives the account owner no right to transfer the ownership. All rights are terminated with the owner's death, and all content can be deleted.
The rules were tested in the high-profile case involving the father of Lance Cpl. Justin Ellsworth, a combat engineer with the Marine Corps who died in Iraq in November 2004. The two men were in constant e-mail contact during the deployment, and when the son died, the father wanted the e-mails from his son's account for sentimental reasons.
But the son had changed his password a few weeks before his death and had not shared it with his dad, who lives in Detroit. It took a five-month legal case to work out an arrangement to release copies of the e-mails.
Friday, November 20, 2009
'Issues' for Younger People
While some people might be happy their relatives can't get access to their email or other accounts, others are taking matters into their own hands. As attorneys, we are facing new issues for this generation. Savvy folks in their 30’s are requesting specific instructions for their Facebook page. Who would have ever thought?
This all raises the question: How do you protect your sensitive data while you're alive while at the same time ensuring your heirs have access to the necessary account information once you're gone? It's not as though handing out your passwords is always a good idea.
One solution is to give a lawyer or trusted relative all the information. Be sure to put this information in your will and/or estate plan and dont neglect to update it as needed. Another idea: Divvy up different accounts to different people. Or, store the information in a safety-deposit box or home safe -- just make sure someone can gain access to the box or safe.
There are also companies that aim to help you sort through these issues. One source is Legacy Locker. It allows you to store all log-in and password information for your online accounts as well as leaving arrangements for sending it to the appropriate people upon your death. Others have features such as writing and storing letters to be sent to relatives.
The bottom line today is that in our ever changing technological world, protecting assets has become even more tedious. Not only is it a good idea to have an updated estate plan but one that reflects everything you use in your day to day life.
This all raises the question: How do you protect your sensitive data while you're alive while at the same time ensuring your heirs have access to the necessary account information once you're gone? It's not as though handing out your passwords is always a good idea.
One solution is to give a lawyer or trusted relative all the information. Be sure to put this information in your will and/or estate plan and dont neglect to update it as needed. Another idea: Divvy up different accounts to different people. Or, store the information in a safety-deposit box or home safe -- just make sure someone can gain access to the box or safe.
There are also companies that aim to help you sort through these issues. One source is Legacy Locker. It allows you to store all log-in and password information for your online accounts as well as leaving arrangements for sending it to the appropriate people upon your death. Others have features such as writing and storing letters to be sent to relatives.
The bottom line today is that in our ever changing technological world, protecting assets has become even more tedious. Not only is it a good idea to have an updated estate plan but one that reflects everything you use in your day to day life.
Monday, November 16, 2009
Creating an Estate Plan Today or Updating One Needs to Address Areas That Were Once Never Considered
If you have a will detailing your assets, make certain that you create it or update it to include not only the list of financial accounts but your usernames and passwords, too! Without log-in information, survivors usually need to go to court for legal authority to gain account access. The process varies from state to state; it doesn't always require a lawyer but it always takes time. In addition, the process can involve the heir approaching the individual online companies to heed her authority - a task that can be very frustrating. Many married couples today already face this issues when trying to get a simple balance on a credit card that is only in one spouse name. Companies today are reluctant to release any information at all-regardless of avoiding potential litigation for personal information violations.
Try contacting customer service and telling them, 'I've been appointed as my late brother's administrator. Please give me his user ID and password”. Eventually, of course, this type of problem is solved when you can reach a real human being who doesn't act like this is the first customer ever to die. But these people have to be sought out within every institution.
The process can be even more complicated if someone is incapacitated rather than dies. If there's no power of attorney, then you have to have a guardian or conservator appointed to have access to these records. Furthermore, some companies won't release any information without a specific court order.
The time to gather all of this information can be lengthy and the costs associated with it, can be more than most families expect. It is definitely an area that can be avoided if you plan for it in your estate plan or be sure to update your existing plan with all of your usernames and passwords.
Try contacting customer service and telling them, 'I've been appointed as my late brother's administrator. Please give me his user ID and password”. Eventually, of course, this type of problem is solved when you can reach a real human being who doesn't act like this is the first customer ever to die. But these people have to be sought out within every institution.
The process can be even more complicated if someone is incapacitated rather than dies. If there's no power of attorney, then you have to have a guardian or conservator appointed to have access to these records. Furthermore, some companies won't release any information without a specific court order.
The time to gather all of this information can be lengthy and the costs associated with it, can be more than most families expect. It is definitely an area that can be avoided if you plan for it in your estate plan or be sure to update your existing plan with all of your usernames and passwords.
Thursday, November 12, 2009
Usernames + Passwords + Estate Planning?
With the constant fear of online identity theft, we create strong and varied passwords for all of our accounts. In fact, we even change these passwords often and never write them down or share them with anyone.That's all well and good while we are alive, but this safe protective measure taken while living can wreak havoc for our heirs after we die. With an increasing portion of our personal lives stored online in password-restricted accounts -- including bank accounts, automatic bill-pay arrangements, personal messages and even items with small monetary but major sentimental value, such as photos -- piecing together an estate after a death can cause major headaches. Let’s use banking as an example: If you have an online savings account separate from your regular bank account and the statement notifications are only emailed, not mailed, that account may get overlooked when your finances are disbursed to beneficiaries. Attorneys today are faced with days of searching for some accounts and other personal online site access - a costly task that can be avoided.
Subscribe to:
Posts (Atom)